Penggunaan Indeks Kondisi Kerang Hijau (Perna Viridis) sebagai Biomarker untuk Mendeteksi Pengaruh Pengasaman Laut terhadap Toksisitas Logam Pb

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan indeks kondisi kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dalammendeteksi pengaruh pengasaman laut terhadap toksisitas logam Pb. Penelitian dilaksanakan di LaboratoriumPenangkaran dan Rehabilitasi Ekosistem Laut Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Hasanuddin. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan faktorial. Kerang hijau dengan ukuranpanjang 5-6 cm diberi perlakuan dengan paparan konsentrasi logam Pb 0 mg/l (kontrol), 0,008 mg/l, 0,08 mg/ldan 0,8 mg/l, pada kondisi pH (level asidifikasi) air media hidup yaitu 6,2, 7,7, 8,2. Pemaparan dilakukanselama 96 jam. Pengukuran indeks kondisi dilakukan dengan mengukur panjang, tinggi, lebar, berat dagingkering, dan volume ruang internal cangkang. Nilai indeks kondisi dianalisis dengan analisis varian desainfaktorial. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan konsentrasi logam Pb terhadap penurunannilai indeks kondisi kerang (p<0.05). Pengaruh logam Pb terjadi pada CI 1, CI 3 dan CI 4. Meskipun perlakuan pH tidak menunjukkan pengaruhnya terhadap indeks kondisi, tetapi secara statistik diketahui bahwa terdapat interaksi antara pH dan Pb dalam memengaruhi indeks kondisi C1 dan C3 (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkanperlakuan pH memunyai peran dalam toksisitas logam Pb terhadap penurunan nilai indeks kondisi kerang hijau

A Novel Cardiac Muscle-Derived Biomaterial Reduces Dyskinesia and Postinfarct Left Ventricular Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Myocardial Infarction

Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation after myocardial infarction (MI) leaves the myocardium structurally weakened and, as a result, susceptible to early infarct zone dyskinesia and left ventricular (LV) remodeling. While various cellular and biomaterial preparations have been transplanted into the infarct zone in hopes of improving post-MI LV remodeling, an allogeneic cardiac muscle-derived ECM extract has yet to be developed and tested in the setting of reperfused MI. We sought to determine the effects of injecting a novel cardiac muscle-derived ECM into the infarct zone on early dyskinesia and LV remodeling in a mouse model of MI. Cardiac muscle ECM was extracted from frozen mouse heart tissue by a protocol that enriches for basement membrane constituents. The extract was injected into the infarct zone immediately after ischemia/reperfusion injury (n = 6). Echocardiography was performed at baseline and at days 2, 7, 14, and 28 post-MI to assess 3D LV volumes and cardiac function, as compared to infarcted controls (n = 9). Early infarct zone dyskinesia was measured on day 2 post-MI using a novel metric, the dyskinesia index. End-systolic volume was significantly reduced in the ECM-treated group compared to controls by day 14. Ejection fraction and stroke volume were also significantly improved in the ECM-treated group. ECM-treated hearts showed a significant (P \u3c 0.005) reduction in dyskinetic motion on day 2. Thus, using high-frequency ultrasound, it was shown that treatment with a cardiac-derived ECM preparation reduced early infarct zone dyskinesia and post-MI LV remodeling in a mouse model of reperfused MI

PELATIHAN BASIC SAFETY TRAINING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN KESELAMATAN BAGI NELAYAN DI KOTA DUMAI

AbstrakKecelakaan diatas kapal merupakan hal yang sangat dihindari karena menyangkut keselamatan jiwa manusia, kapal hingga muatan kapal yang apabila di nilai kerugiannya sangat mahal. Kecelakaan umumnya terjadi karena kelalaian manusia karena tidak terampil dalam bekerja maupun ketika terjadi keadaan darurat. Untuk mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan maka setiap awak kapal wajib memiliki sertifikat keterampilan bidang keselamatan salah satunya adalah Basic safety training (BST). Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Dumai sebagai lembaga pendidikan kelautan dan perikanan bekerja sama dengan lembaga pelatihan menyelenggarakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu pelatihan BST kepada pelaku usaha perikanan khususnya perikanan tangkap di Kota Dumai. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini adalah terselenggaranya pelatihan dan tersertifikasinya peserta pelatihan BST. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan adalah service learning berupa teori dikelas (ceramah) dan praktik latihan secara langsung dikapal (demonstrasi). Hasil dari pelatihan ini seluruh peserta dinyatakan terampil pada bidang keselamatan diatas kapal yang dinyatakan dengan terbitnya sertifikat BST atas nama peserta. Sertifikat tersebut diakui dan mendapat pengesahan dari Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut selaku Administrasi  AbstractAccidents on ships are avoided because they involve the safety of human life, ships and shiploads, which if the value of the loss is costly. Ship accidents generally occur due to human negligence who are not skilled at work or when an emergency occurs. To prevent accidents, every crew must have a certificate of safety skills, one of which is Basic safety training certificate (BST). Dumai Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic, as a marine and fisheries educational institution in collaboration with marine training institutions organizes BST training activities as a form of community service for fisheries business actors, especially capture fisheries in Dumai City. The purpose of this training is to implement training and certification of BST training participants. The training method used is a theory in class (lectures) and practical training onboard (demonstration). As a result of this training, all participants were declared skilled in the field of safety on board, which was started by issuing a BST certificate on behalf of the participants. The certificate is recognized and approved by the Directorate General of Sea Transportation as the Administration.

Evaluation of metals that are potentially toxic to agricultural surface soils, using statistical analysis, in northwestern Saudi Arabia

© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Heavy metals in agricultural soils enter the food chain when taken up by plants. The main purpose of this work is to determine metal contamination in agricultural farms in northwestern Saudi Arabia. Fifty surface soil samples were collected from agricultural areas. The study focuses on the geochemical behavior of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn, and determines the enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index. Multivariate statistical analysis, including principle component analysis and cluster analysis, is also applied to the acquired data. The study shows considerable variation in the concentrations of the analyzed metals in the studied soil samples. This variation in concentration is attributed to the intensity of agricultural activities and, possibly, to nearby fossil fuel combustion activities, as well as to traffic flows from highways and local roads. Multivariate analysis suggests that As, Cd, Hg and Pb are associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Co, Cr, Cu and Zn are mainly controlled by geogenic activities. Hg and Pb show the maximum concentration in the analyzed samples as compared to the background concentration

OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 Downregulation via OsmiR393 Overexpression Leads to More Tillers, Early Flowering and Less Tolerance to Salt and Drought in Rice

The microRNA miR393 has been shown to play a role in plant development and in the stress response by targeting mRNAs that code for the auxin receptors in Arabidopsis. In this study, we verified that two rice auxin receptor gene homologs (OsTIR1 and OsAFB2) could be targeted by OsmiR393 (Os for Oryza sativa). Two new phenotypes (increased tillers and early flowering) and two previously observed phenotypes (reduced tolerance to salt and drought and hyposensitivity to auxin) were observed in the OsmiR393-overexpressing rice plants. The OsmiR393-overexpressing rice demonstrated hyposensitivity to synthetic auxin-analog treatments. These data indicated that the phenotypes of OsmiR393-overexpressing rice may be caused through hyposensitivity to the auxin signal by reduced expression of two auxin receptor genes (OsTIR1 and OsAFB2). The expression of an auxin transporter (OsAUX1) and a tillering inhibitor (OsTB1) were downregulated by overexpression of OsmiR393, which suggested that a gene chain from OsmiR393 to rice tillering may be from OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 to OsAUX1, which affected the transportation of auxin, then to OsTB1, which finally controlled tillering. The positive phenotypes (increased tillers and early flowering) and negative phenotypes (reduced tolerance to salt and hyposensitivity to auxin) of OsmiR393-overexpressing rice present a dilemma for molecular breeding

Proinflammatory Phenotype and Increased Caveolin-1 in Alveolar Macrophages with Silenced CFTR mRNA

The inflammatory milieu in the respiratory tract in cystic fibrosis (CF) has been linked to the defective expression of the cystic transmembrane regulator (CFTR) in epithelial cells. Alveolar macrophages (AM), important contibutors to inflammatory responses in the lung, also express CFTR. The present study analyzes the phenotype of human AM with silenced CFTR. Expression of CFTR mRNA and the immature form of the CFTR protein decreased 100-fold and 5.2-fold, respectively, in AM transfected with a CFTR specific siRNA (CFTR-siRNA) compared to controls. Reduction of CFTR expression in AM resulted in increased secretion of IL-8, increased phosphorylation of NF-κB, a positive regulator of IL-8 expression, and decreased expression of IκB-α, the inhibitory protein of NF-κB activation. AM with silenced CFTR expression also showed increased apoptosis. We hypothesized that caveolin-1 (Cav1), a membrane protein that is co-localized with CFTR in lipid rafts and that is related to inflammation and apoptosis in macrophages, may be affected by decreased CFTR expression. Messenger RNA and protein levels of Cav1 were increased in AM with silenced CFTR. Expression and transcriptional activity of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), a negative transcriptional regulator of Cav1, was decreased in AM with silenced CFTR, but total and free cholesterol mass did not change. These findings indicate that silencing of CFTR in human AM results in an inflammatory phenotype and apoptosis, which is associated to SREBP-mediated regulation of Cav1

Arabidopsis CPR5 Independently Regulates Seed Germination and Postgermination Arrest of Development through LOX Pathway and ABA Signaling

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the lipoxygenases (LOXs) pathway play important roles in seed germination and seedling growth and development. Here, we reported on the functional characterization of Arabidopsis CPR5 in the ABA signaling and LOX pathways. The cpr5 mutant was hypersensitive to ABA in the seed germination, cotyledon greening and root growth, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing CPR5 were insensitive. Genetic analysis demonstrated that CPR5 gene may be located downstream of the ABI1 in the ABA signaling pathway. However, the cpr5 mutant showed an ABA independent drought-resistant phenotype. It was also found that the cpr5 mutant was hypersensitive to NDGA and NDGA treatment aggravated the ABA-induced delay in the seed germination and cotyledon greening. Taken together, these results suggest that the CPR5 plays a regulatory role in the regulation of seed germination and early seedling growth through ABA and LOX pathways independently

2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.

Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales. Archives of Virology (2021) 166:3567–3579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05266-wIn March 2021, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by four families (Aliusviridae, Crepuscuviridae, Myriaviridae, and Natareviridae), three subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae), 42 genera, and 200 species. Thirty-nine species were renamed and/or moved and seven species were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This work was also supported in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. 75N91019D00024, Task Order No. 75N91019F00130 to I.C., who was supported by the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC-15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S&T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, a federally funded research and development center operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative of Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Part of this work was supported by the Francis Crick Institute which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001030), the UK Medical Research Council (FC001030), and the Wellcome Trust (FC001030).S